Windmill



No. 346,468. Patented Aug. 3, 1886.

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WINDMILL. No. 346,468; Patented Aug. 3, 1886.

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EDW'ARD A. DANA, OF FAIRHAVEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

WINDIVIILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 346,468, dated August3, 1886.

Application filed April 8, 1881. Serial No. 30,281.

all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. DANA, a citizen of the United States,residing at Fairhaven, in the county of Bristol and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in W'indmills,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of windmills that are known asself-regulating.

The improvements consist in the construction and arrangement of thesails and their operating mechanism, substantially as hereinafterparticularly set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of my invention, showingall of the operating parts. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a part. Fig. 3 isa perspective view showing the devices for connecting the regulator-armsto the sails. Fig. at is a detail in elevation showing the method ofattaching the turning table to the bed-plate. Figs. 5 and 6 are sideview and elevation to illustrate the means for staying arms.

As my present invention relates to improvements on the windmill securedto me by Letters Patent of the United States Nos. 187,256 and 188,236,and dated, respectively, February 13, 1877, and March 13, 1877, it isnot necessary to describe all of the parts in detail, and I willtherefore confine myself to description necessary for an understandingof the improvements.

Let A A A, Fig. 1, represent the supporting-beams of the windmill, and Athe bedplate, which is attached to the beams by the housings a a. Thebed-plate A is round and has a rabbeted edge, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

B is the turning table or moving bed-plate, upon which all of theoperating partsof the windmill are supported. This turning tablerevolves on a hollow center, (not shown,) and is provided withfriction-Wheels b b, Fig. 1, to facilitate its turning.

The side wheels Y, Figs. 1 and 4, consisting of the two cylindricalparts Y Y as shown in Fig. 4, are firmly held to the turning table B bybolts Y upon which they revolve, which bolts pass through the bosses Yon the sides of the turning table. The cylindrical part Y entering belowthe rabbeted edge of the bedplate A, presents its upper surface toward(No model.)

the under side of the undercut on the bedplate A, and its outer edgetoward the cylindrical surface below the undercut on the bedplate A, andthus serves to take up and restrain both the lifting and the sidewisemovements, and to facilitate the rotary motion of the turning table.

C, Fig. 1, is the main shaft of the windmill, and is secured to theturning table B by the housings c c and d d.

D is a crank-plate attached to the end of the shaft 0, and provided witha crankpin, g, which serves to operate the pitman F.

G is a circular frame attached rig dly to the main shaft 0. This frame Gserves to support the arms H of the windmill, and may be made in anysuitable style and of any desirable metal. The arms H may be of wood orof iron. In case iron is used I prefer a tubular form. The sails I arehinged to the arms H in any desired manner, being so attached that theymay be turned full up to the wind, or be so reefed as to present an edgeonly to the wind. 5

J, Figs. 1 and 3, is a sliding collar or hub, which may move back andforth on the shaft 0. This collar J is provided with an annular groove,0, into which the forked end of the shoulder-pieceh rests. This shoulderpiece N has attached to it a rod, M, Fig. 1, and is subject to theoutward strain of the spring M, which rests against the standard P as abuttress. The collar J has a number of ears, 1', in pairs, each pairhaving a pin upon which the forked end of the bent leverk works. Thisbent lever 70 terminates in an arm, 70, and ball at. The lever-arms k kare attached by a pivot,

j, to the frame G, so that any motion of these lever-arms k k will causethe collar J to move 0 back or forward on the shaft 0, and of necessitygive a corresponding motion to the rod M.

K K are spokes extending from the collar J, which serve to connect thecollar J, by means of the links L, to the sails I, each sail 5 having asmall pin, i, extending from its lower edge, for the purpose ofconnection with the links L. The number of the spokes K and links Lagree with the number of sails, although in the drawings I have shownbut two.

The balls on of the lever-arms k k act as centrifugal regulators. Itbeing seen by inspection, as the wind-wheel revolves, the balls willhave a tendency to fly outward. The more rapid the motion the greaterthe tendency, and as these balls move outwardly they, acting through thelever-arms 7c 70, will cause the collar J and spokes K K to move awayfrom the frame G. This action will be communicated by the links L to thesails I, and cause them to turn from the wind.

The sliding rod M is supported by the upright 1? and a housing, R,attached to the uprights R. U is a link which serves to connect the rodM with the swinging arm S. This arm S is a part of the segment-piece S,and swings in common with it on the journal S. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)

T is a weight attached to the arm S. The action of the arm S is to throwthe shoulderN and the collar J toward the frame Gthat is, acting throughthe spokes K and links L to bring the sails I up to the wind. In thisrespect it coacts with the spring M. The centrifugal weights m and thecounter-weight T are adjustable on their respective arms by means ofset-screws for regulating the action of the governor.

V, Figs. 1 and 2, is a vertical rod,which is connected by two cords orchains or links, V V", to the segment S,one of the chains,V,leadingdownward, while the other leads upward, so thata vertical movement ofthe rod V will cause an angular movement of the segment S, and of thearm S, which in turn, acting through the link U, will slide the rod M,and acting through the other parts, as above described, will operatefinally on the sails.

From the above it will be readily understood that any motion of the sailwill be communicated back to the rod V, and vice versa.

The rodVhas suitable connections to allow of the motion of theturn-table, and passes down to a convenient point, and may thereterminate in ahandle or lever, V. The lever V is pivoted at a fixedpivot, V and has at its end V two weighted cords, V V, the cord Vpassing over a pulley, V affixed to any convenient cross -beam, andterminating in the weight T the cord V passing directly to the weight T.

As the lever V is connected to the rodV, it is evident that the wholesail-governing mechanism as above describedname1y, the segment S,lever-arm S, link U, rod M, shoulder N, collar J, spokes K, and linksL-must move in unison with it, andthat by varying the amount of theweights T T any desired force may be exerted to counteract the force ofthe wind on thesails. In other words, I can regulate or set my governingdevice so that it shall be very sensitive to the velocity of the windand to the resultant of the wind and work to be done.

I have shown in Figs. 5 and 6 a new device for staying the sails. Thisconsists in extending the main shaft 0 for some distance in front of theplane of the sails, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and in uniting the arms HH at the outer extremities by spanners H H. (See Fig. 6.) Each of thesespanners H is secured at its center h by'a stay-rod, H which runs to thedisk 0 on the end of the shaft 0. By arching each spanner H, as shown inFig. 6,

I am enabled to so place the stay-rods E that 1 they will not interferein the least with the motion of. the sails, and also increase thesustaining-power.

Having thus described my invention,'what I desire to secure by LettersPatent is- 1. In a windmill-governing device, the rod M, supported toslide longitudinally in bearings on the turn-table, thelever-armS,pivoted to an upright on said table and having the segmental end S,and connected with the rod M by link U, and the rod V, connected byflexible members V V with the segmental end of the aforesaid lever-arm,combined with the sails and intermediate connecting mechanism foradjusting the position of the sails, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the sails and means, substantially as setforth, for automatically keeping them in the wind to the best advantage,of auxiliary means for controlling by hand the position of such sails orthe operation of their adjusting means above named, the same comprisingthe rod V, lever V changeable weights T T connections V V between saidlever, and weights and pulley Vi, substantially as described.

EDWARD A. DANA.

Witnesses:

A. O. OME, HELEN M. FEEGAN.

